SysDesPro

— Software system design blog

Deep dives into system design, scalability, distributed systems, and modern software architecture.

System Design
System Design

Latest posts

Python Concurrency: Threads, Async, Await, and Event Loops

Modern applications rarely do only one thing at a time. They call APIs, query databases, read files, send notifications, process messages, and wait for external services. If every operation runs one after another, the application often spends most of its time waiting instead of doing useful work.
Jun 04 1 python concurrency programming
LeetCode for System Design

LeetCode for System Design

At first glance, LeetCode problems and system design seem unrelated. One focuses on algorithms and data structures, while the other deals with distributed systems, scalability, and real-world constraints.
May 03 1 leetcode algorithms system-design
SQL Databases: Overview, Concepts, and Use Cases

SQL Databases: Overview, Concepts, and Use Cases

SQL databases (also known as relational databases) are systems designed to store, organize, and query structured data using a predefined schema. They are built around the relational model, where data is stored in tables and relationships between entities are explicitly defined.
Apr 30 1 sql rdbms database
SQL vs NoSQL for MVP: How to Choose the Right Database

SQL vs NoSQL for MVP: How to Choose the Right Database

Most MVPs fail not because of database scaling limitations, but because they never reach product-market fit. That means your primary goal is not scalability — it is shipping fast and learning quickly .
Apr 29 sql nosql database
Domain Name System (DNS): Overview and Use Cases

Domain Name System (DNS): Overview and Use Cases

The Domain Name System (DNS) is a distributed naming system that translates human-readable domain names (like example.com) into IP addresses used by machines to communicate over the internet.
Apr 24 1 domain-name-system infrastructure distributed-systems
Content Delivery Network (CDN): Overview and Use Cases

Content Delivery Network (CDN): Overview and Use Cases

A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a distributed network of servers that cache and deliver content closer to users. Instead of serving every request from a single origin server, a CDN uses geographically distributed edge locations to reduce latency and improve performance.
Apr 24 1 content-delivery-network cdn infrastructure
AWS: Overview, Purpose and Use Cases

AWS: Overview, Purpose and Use Cases

Cloud computing replaces the traditional on-premises model , where companies had to buy, install, and maintain physical servers in their own data centers. AWS shifts this responsibility to a cloud provider, allowing developers to focus on building applications instead of managing hardware.
Apr 22 1 aws cloud-computing infrastructure
CAP Theorem in Practice (Structured Overview)

CAP Theorem in Practice (Structured Overview)

CP systems guarantee that all nodes maintain a consistent state even during partitions, but they reject or delay requests when coordination cannot be achieved. This is typically implemented using quorum-based replication or consensus protocols that require agreement before committing writes.
Apr 20 1 cap-theorem
ClickHouse: what is it and what is it for?

ClickHouse: what is it and what is it for?

ClickHouse is an open-source, column-oriented database management system designed for online analytical processing ( OLAP ).
Apr 06 1 clickhouse olap database
ClickHouse vs PostgreSQL: Real-World Query Performance at Billion-Row Scale

ClickHouse vs PostgreSQL: Real-World Query Performance at Billion-Row Scale

This benchmark compares PostgreSQL and ClickHouse using identical data and queries to evaluate performance in a read-heavy analytical workload.
Apr 05 1 clickhouse postgresql database
OLAP Engines Compared: Pros, Cons, and Use Cases for Modern Data Systems

OLAP Engines Compared: Pros, Cons, and Use Cases for Modern Data Systems

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) engines power analytical workloads involving aggregations, scans, and complex queries over large datasets. Selection impacts query latency, cost efficiency, scalability limits, and operational complexity. Different engines optimize for columnar storage, distribute
Mar 30 olap database analytics
OLAP Databases: Pros, Cons, Use Cases, and Architecture Patterns

OLAP Databases: Pros, Cons, Use Cases, and Architecture Patterns

OLAP databases (Online Analytical Processing) are optimized for complex queries, aggregations, and large-scale analytics workloads. Unlike transactional systems, they focus on read-heavy operations, enabling fast insights across massive datasets, making them essential for BI tools, reporting pipelin
Mar 30 1 olap database analytics
NoSQL Engines Compared: Trade-offs, Performance, and Use Cases

NoSQL Engines Compared: Trade-offs, Performance, and Use Cases

NoSQL engines provide different trade-offs in latency, consistency, scalability, and query flexibility . Choosing the right engine requires understanding data access patterns, workload characteristics, and operational complexity , not just database type.
Mar 23 nosql database
PostgreSQL: Pros, Cons, and Use Cases

PostgreSQL: Pros, Cons, and Use Cases

PostgreSQL is one of the strongest default database choices for modern backend systems. It combines relational modeling, ACID transactions, rich SQL support, JSONB, extensibility, and a mature ecosystem.
Mar 02 2 database rdbms postgresql
Communication Protocols: Pros, Cons, and Use Cases

Communication Protocols: Pros, Cons, and Use Cases

Modern distributed systems rely on communication protocols that define how services exchange data. As a software developer designing APIs, microservices, real-time systems, or event-driven platforms, choosing the correct protocol directly impacts latency, scalability, observability, cost, and develo
Feb 23 1 protocols

Building Multi-Tenant Support in a User-Based SaaS App (case study)

This case study explains how a simple user-owned SaaS application was migrated to a multi-tenant architecture that supports organizations, teams, shared resource ownership, tenant isolation, and role-based permissions.
Feb 14 saas case-study rdbms
Amazon DynamoDB: Pros, Cons, and Use Cases

Amazon DynamoDB: Pros, Cons, and Use Cases

Amazon DynamoDB is a fully managed NoSQL key-value and document database service from AWS . It is designed for applications that need predictable low latency, high throughput, automatic scaling, and minimal database operations.
Jan 24 dynamodb aws nosql
DynamoDB Data Modeling: Blog Platform Example (case study)

DynamoDB Data Modeling: Blog Platform Example (case study)

This case study describes a production blog platform backed entirely by Amazon DynamoDB . The system serves typical blog workloads such as “latest posts”, “most popular posts”, “posts by author”, and “posts by tag”, while also supporting administrative queries like user moderation and contact messag
Jan 19 3 dynamodb database nosql

Lead Lookup System Design (case study)

This case study explains how to design a high-scale lead lookup system for 200M users, where the main requirement is fast lookup by phone number, email address, or SSN while still supporting contact reassignment and full contact history.
Jan 12 2 case-study postgresql clickhouse
Availability patterns

Availability patterns

Availability patterns are system design techniques that keep applications operational during failures, overload, dependency issues, or partial outages.
Jan 05 1 availability fault-tolerance high-availability

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